D-oscillons in the standard model extension

Abstract

In this work we investigate the consequences of the Lorentz symmetry violation on extremely long-lived, time-dependent, and spatially localized field configurations, named oscillons. This is accomplished for two interacting scalar field theories in (D + 1) dimensions in the context of the so-called standard model extension. We show that D-dimensional scalar field lumps can present a typical size R-min << R-KK, where R-KK is the extent of extra dimensions in Kaluza-Klein theories. The size R-min is shown to strongly depend upon the terms that control the LV of the theory. This implies either contraction or dilation of the average radius R-min, and a new rule for its composition, likewise. Moreover, we show that the spatial dimensions for existence of oscillating lumps have an upper limit, opening new possibilities to probe the existence of D-dimensional oscillons at TeV energy scale. In addition, in a cosmological scenario with Lorentz symmetry breaking, we show that in the early Universe with an extremely high energy density and a strong LV, the typical size R-min was highly dilated. As the Universe had expanded and cooled down, it then passed through a phase transition toward a Lorentz symmetry, wherein R-min tends to be compact.