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Title: 
Improved Upper Limits on the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from 2009-2010 LIGO and Virgo Data
Author(s): 
Institution: 
  • CALTECH
  • Louisiana State Univ
  • Univ Savoie
  • Ist Nazl Fis Nucl
  • Univ Salerno
  • Univ Florida
  • Livingston Observ
  • Cardiff Univ
  • Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys
  • Nikhef
  • MIT
  • Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais
  • Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys
  • Tata Inst Fundamental Res
  • Syracuse Univ
  • Univ Wisconsin
  • Leibniz Univ Hannover
  • Univ Siena
  • Stanford Univ
  • Univ Mississippi
  • Calif State Univ Fullerton
  • Univ Birmingham
  • Montana State Univ
  • EGO
  • Hanford Observ
  • Univ Glasgow
  • Univ Paris Diderot
  • Columbia Univ
  • Univ Pisa
  • CAMK PAN
  • Warsaw Univ
  • Univ Genoa
  • San Jose State Univ
  • Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ
  • Univ Paris 11
  • NASA
  • Univ Western Australia
  • Radboud Univ Nijmegen
  • Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis
  • Univ Rennes 1
  • Univ Lyon
  • Washington State Univ
  • Univ Urbino Carlo Bo
  • Univ Oregon
  • Univ Paris 06
  • Vrije Univ Amsterdam
  • Univ Maryland
  • Univ Massachusetts
  • Univ Illes Balears
  • Univ Naples Federico II
  • Univ Toronto
  • Tsinghua Univ
  • Univ Michigan
  • Rochester Inst Technol
  • Natl Tsing Hua Univ
  • Charles Sturt Univ
  • Pusan Natl Univ
  • Australian Natl Univ
  • Carleton Coll
  • Univ Roma Tor Vergata
  • Univ Roma La Sapienza
  • Univ Brussels
  • Sonoma State Univ
  • Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ
  • George Washington Univ
  • Univ Cambridge
  • Northwestern Univ
  • Univ Minnesota
  • Univ Texas Brownsville
  • Univ Sheffield
  • RMKI
  • Univ Sannio Benevento
  • Univ Trent
  • Montclair State Univ
  • Penn State Univ
  • MTA Eotvos Univ
  • Univ Perugia
  • Rutherford Appleton Lab
  • Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys
  • Amer Univ
  • Univ Adelaide
  • Raman Res Inst
  • Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat
  • Bialystok Univ
  • Univ Southampton
  • IISER TVM
  • Inst Appl Phys
  • Seoul Natl Univ
  • Hanyang Univ
  • IM PAN
  • NCBJ
  • Inst Plasma Res
  • Univ Melbourne
  • Monash Univ
  • Univ Strathclyde
  • CNRS
  • Argentinian Gravitat Wave Grp
  • Univ Camerino
  • Univ Texas Austin
  • Southern Univ & A&M Coll
  • Coll William & Mary
  • IISER Kolkata
  • Natl Inst Mat Sci
  • Hobart & William Smith Coll
  • RRCAT
  • Univ West Scotland
  • Inst Astron
  • Indian Inst Technol
  • Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
  • Andrews Univ
  • Trinity Univ
  • Univ Washington
  • SE Louisiana Univ
  • Abilene Christian Univ
ISSN: 
0031-9007
Sponsorship: 
  • U.S. National Science Foundation
  • Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom
  • Max-Planck-Society
  • State of Niedersachsen, Germany
  • Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
  • French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
  • Australian Research Council
  • International Science Linkages program of the Commonwealth of Australia
  • Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India
  • Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy
  • Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad
  • Conselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern de les Illes Balears
  • Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
  • Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
  • FOCUS Programme of Foundation for Polish Science
  • Royal Society
  • Scottish Funding Council
  • Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  • National Research Foundation of Korea
  • Industry Canada
  • Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation
  • National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada
  • Carnegie Trust
  • Leverhulme Trust
  • David and Lucile Packard Foundation
  • Research Corporation
  • OTKA of Hungary
  • Science and Technologies Funding Council of the UK
  • Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO)
  • Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Abstract: 
Gravitational waves from a variety of sources are predicted to superpose to create a stochastic background. This background is expected to contain unique information from throughout the history of the Universe that is unavailable through standard electromagnetic observations, making its study of fundamental importance to understanding the evolution of the Universe. We carry out a search for the stochastic background with the latest data from the LIGO and Virgo detectors. Consistent with predictions from most stochastic gravitational-wave background models, the data display no evidence of a stochastic gravitational-wave signal. Assuming a gravitational-wave spectrum of Omega(GW)(f) = Omega(alpha)(f/f(ref))(alpha), we place 95% confidence level upper limits on the energy density of the background in each of four frequency bands spanning 41.5-1726 Hz. In the frequency band of 41.5-169.25 Hz for a spectral index of alpha = 0, we constrain the energy density of the stochastic background to be Omega(GW)(f) < 5.6 x 10(-6). For the 600-1000 Hz band, Omega(GW)(f) < 0.14(f/900 Hz)(3), a factor of 2.5 lower than the best previously reported upper limits. We find Omega(GW)(f) < 1.8 x 10(-4) using a spectral index of zero for 170-600 Hz and Omega(GW)(f) < 1.0(f/1300 Hz)(3) for 1000-1726 Hz, bands in which no previous direct limits have been placed. The limits in these four bands are the lowest direct measurements to date on the stochastic background. We discuss the implications of these results in light of the recent claim by the BICEP2 experiment of the possible evidence for inflationary gravitational waves.
Issue Date: 
2-Dec-2014
Citation: 
Physical Review Letters. College Pk: Amer Physical Soc, v. 113, n. 23, 10 p., 2014.
Time Duration: 
10
Publisher: 
Amer Physical Soc
Source: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.231101
URI: 
Access Rights: 
Acesso restrito
Type: 
outro
Source:
http://repositorio.unesp.br/handle/11449/117060
Appears in Collections:Artigos, TCCs, Teses e Dissertações da Unesp

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