Dynamics of quasi-one-dimensional bright and vortex solitons of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate with repulsive atomic interaction

Abstract

By numerical and variational analysis of the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we study the formation and dynamics of bright and vortex-bright solitons in a cigar-shaped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate for large repulsive atomic interactions. A phase diagram showing the region of stability of the solitons is obtained. We also study the dynamics of breathing oscillation of the solitons as well as the collision dynamics of two solitons. At large velocities the frontal collision is elastic and the two three-dimensional solitons pass through each other undeformed. Two solitons placed side by side at rest coalesce to form a stable bound soliton molecule due to dipolar attraction. Movie clips illustrating collision and molecule-formation dynamics of two bright and vortex-bright solitons are included.