Desempenho operacional e opacidade da fumaça do trator agrícola em função do tipo de biodiesel (soja x murumuru) em operação de preparo do solo

Abstract

Biodiesel é um combustível obtido por meio da transesterificação de óleos vegetais e gorduras animais, possui caráter renovável e biodegradável. Em crescente uso, faz-se necessário ampliar as matérias primas disponíveis em várias regiões e estudar o efeito destas novas fontes na maquinaria agrícola. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho comparar biodiesel de soja com biodiesel de murumuru. Para tanto, avaliou-se desempenho operacional e opacidade da fumaça do trator agrícola. O experimento foi realizado no Departamento de Engenharia Rural, da UNESP/Jaboticabal. As proporções de mistura biodiesel/diesel foram: B0 (0% de biodiesel e 100% de diesel), B5 (5% de biodiesel e 95% de diesel), B15 (15% de biodiesel e 85% de diesel), B25 (25% de biodiesel e 75% de diesel), B50 (50% de biodiesel e 50% de diesel), B75 (75% de biodiesel e 25% de diesel) e B100 (100% de biodiesel e 0% de diesel). Os resultados evidenciaram aumento de 15,85 e 9,59% no consumo específico de combustível comparando B0 a B100 de soja e de murumuru, respectivamente. A opacidade da fumaça reduziu 26,10% e 53,54 quando se trabalhou com biodiesel de soja e murumuru, respectivamente. A opacidade de B100 de murumuru foi 19,81% menor que B100 de soja

Biodiesel is a fuel obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats, has renewable and biodegradable character. In growing use, it is necessary to expand the raw materials available in various regions and to study the effect of these new sources in agricultural machinery. The objective of this work was to compare soybean biodiesel and murumuru. For this, was evaluated the operational performance and smoke opacity of the tractor. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Rural Engineering, UNESP/Jaboticabal. The mixing ratios of biodiesel/diesel were B0 (0% of biodiesel and 100% of diesel), B5 (5% of biodiesel and 95% of diesel), B15 (15% of biodiesel and 85% of diesel), B25 (25% of biodiesel and 75% of diesel), B50 (50% of biodiesel and 50% of diesel), B75 (75% of biodiesel and 25% of diesel) and B100 (100% of biodiesel and 0% of diesel). The results showed an increase of 15,85% and 9,59% in specific fuel consumption compared B0 to B100 of soybean and murumuru, respectively. The opacity of the smoke decreased 26,10% and 53,54%when working with biodiesel of soybean and murumuru, respectively. The opacity of B100 of murumuru was 19.81% less than B100 of soybean