Seletividade de herbicidas aplicados nas gramas Santo Agostinho e Esmeralda

Abstract

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas aplicados nas gramas Santo Agostinho (Stenotaphrum secundatum) e Esmeralda (Zoysia japonica) em condições de campo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As gramas foram cortadas a 3 cm de altura e, em seguida, foram feitas as aplicações dos herbicidas. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: testemunha sem aplicação, fluazifop-p-butil (125 g ha-1), sethoxydim+óleo mineral (276 g ha-1 + 0,5% v v-1 de Assist), bispyribac-sodium (25 g ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (15 g ha-1), ethoxysulfuron (150 g ha-1), halosulfuron (112,5 g ha-1), iodosulfuron-methyl (10 g ha-1), metsulfuron-methyl (2,4 g ha-1), nicosulfuron (125 g ha-1), pyrithiobac-sodium (140 g ha-1), trifloxysulfuron-sodium (22,5 g ha-1), 2,4-D (720 g ha-1), quinclorac (375 g ha-1), atrazina (1.250 g ha-1), bentazon (600 g ha-1), linuron (1.350 g ha-1), fomesafen (187,5 g ha-1), lactofen (120 g ha-1), oxadiazon (600 g ha-1) e oxyfluorfen (720 g ha-1). Os herbicidas que apresentaram potencial de seletividade para o gramado de S. secundatum foram: os inibidores da ALS chlorimuron-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, halosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl e metsulfuron-methyl, o mimetizador de auxina 2,4-D, os inibidores do fotossistema II atrazina e bentazon, bem como os inibidores da Protox fomesafen, lactofen e o oxadiazon. Para o gramado de Z. japonica, os herbicidas que apresentaram potencial de seletividade foram: os inibidores da ALS chlorimuron-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, halosulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl e nicosulfuron, os mimetizadores de auxina 2,4-D e quinclorac, os inibidores do fotossistema II atrazina e bentazon, além dos inibidores da Protox fomesafen, lactofen e o oxadiazon.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides applied on turfgrasses St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) and Emerald (Zoysia japonica) under field conditions. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The turfgrasses were cut with a motorized grass cutter to the height of 3 cm, followed by herbicide application. The treatments were: control, fluazifop-p-butyl (125 g ha-1 ), sethoxydim+mineral oil (276 g ha-1 + 0.5% v v-1of Assist), bispyribac-sodium (25 g ha-1 ), chlorimuron-ethyl (15 g ha-1 ), ethoxysulfuron (150 g ha-1 ), halosulfuron (112.5 g ha-1 ), iodosulfuron-methyl (10 g ha-1 ), metsulfuron-methyl (2,4 g ha-1), nicosulfuron (125 g ha-1 ), pyrithiobac-sodium (140 g ha-1 ), trifloxysulfuron-sodium (22.5 g ha-1 ), 2,4-D (720 g ha-1 ), quinclorac (375 g ha-1), atrazine(1,250 g ha-1), bentazon (600 g ha-1 ), linuron (1,350 g ha-1 ), fomesafen (187.5 g ha-1 ), lactofen (120 g ha-1 ), oxadiazon (600 g ha-1 ) and oxyfluorfen (720 g ha-1 ). The following herbicides were found to have potential for selectivity of S. secundatum: ALS-inhibitors chlorimuron-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, halosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl and metsulfuron-methyl, mimicking of auxin 2.4-D, the inhibitors of the atrazine and bentazon photosystem II and the inhibitors Protox fomesafem, lactofen and oxadiazon. For turfgrass Z. japonica, the following herbicides showed potential for selectivity: the ALS-inhibitors chlorimuron-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, halosulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl and nicosulfuron, mimicking of auxin 2.4-D and quinclorac, the inhibitors of the atrazine and bentazon photosystem II and the inhibitors Protox fomesafen, lactofen and oxadiazon.