Comportamento violentos(foco em bullying) e uso de substâncias psicoativas por alunos do ensino médio e fundamental de Botucatu, Brasil

Abstract

Estimar a prevalência de comportamentos violentos (com foco em bullying) e do uso de substâncias psicoativas, assim como a associação destas variáveis entre estudantes de ensino médio e fundamental na cidade de Botucatu, São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que utilizou uma amostra probabilística de 1786 estudantes representativa da população de estudantes de ensino médio e fundamental da cidade de Botucatu. Os sujeitos foram entrevistados individualmente através de instrumentos padronizados para avaliar o consumo de álcool e outras substâncias psicoativas, bem como o envolvimento em atos violentos. A taxa de resposta obtida foi de 92.7%. A prevalência de violência geral foi de 30.1%. Quanto à gravidade da violência, consideram-se dois níveis: poucos atos violentos 28.1% da amostra, relatou de 1 a 3 atos violentos e 1.9% da amostra 4 ou mais atos violentos. Os atos violentos em geral estavam associados ao sexo masculino. A prevalência de bullying foi de 36.7%, sendo que 5.8% deles se comportaram apenas como agressores, 21.7% foram vítimas de violência exclusivamente e 9.2% dos entrevistados se comportaram como vítimas e agressores.. Quanto ao uso de álcool e drogas, acharam-se prevalências menores que as médias nacionais, em populações equivalentes. Para os estudantes do ensino fundamental, 8.9% usavam álcool freqüentemente e 44.5% o faziam no ensino médio. Em relação as drogas ilícitas, 2.1% dos alunos do fundamental e 6.8% no ensino médio tinham contato com elas. O uso de substâncias psicoativas se associou significativamente com todos os tipos de violência (geral e bullying). O uso de álcool se associou de forma significativa com ser agressor, (p= 0.001, odds ratio 3.033), porém, as vítimas apresentaram associação negativa de bullying com uso de bebida (p= 0.15, odds ratio 0.704). O uso de drogas ilícitas se associou com os agressores...

To estimate the prevalence of violent behaviour (focus on bullying), substance use and the associations between them, among Junior High and High school students in a Brazilian town. A probabilistic sample of 1,786 students was interviewed individually, using a standardized questionnaire to assess alcohol and ilicits drugs use and participation in violent acts. Overall response rate was 92.7% the prevalence of overall violence was 30.1%, 96% of which was of a mild degree. Violent acts were associates with being male. Rates of bullying were 36.7%: 5.8% were agressors, 21.7% victims and 9.2% victims-agressors. Lifetime prevalence of alcohol use was 8.9% in Junior High students and 44.5% in High college students (both below the national average) whereas the lifetime prevalence of illicit drugs use was 2.1% among Junior High students and 6.8% among Junior High school students. Alcohol and drug use were positively correlated with all kinds of violence. Alcohol use was positively associated with being agressor (Odds Ratio 3.033; p= 0.001), however, victims were negatively associate with drinking (Odds Ratio 0.704; p=0.15). Illicit drugs use was positively associated with agressors (Odds Ratio 3.190; p= 0.009) and with victims-agressors (Odds Ratio 2.890; p= 0.006) but not with victims (Odds Ratio 0.93, p= 0.86). No association was found between bullying and gender (p= 0.11), contrary to what was found for general violence (p= 0.001). As to age, no diferences were found between Junior High and High school students related to agressors, however, there were more victims of bullying in Junior High students (p= 0.001). No diferences were found between private and public schools relates in relation to bullying (p= 0.06). Related to bullying and general violence, agressors are more violent (p= 0.001). Among Jr High and High school students in Botucatu, both rates of substance... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)